Table 5 compares the quantity of solid waste and byproducts produced by integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), fluidized bed combustion (FBC), and pulverized coal (PC) plants. The basis for this comparison is a 300 MWe size plant using an Illinois bituminous coal with 4% sulfur content. The IGCC plant is shown to generate significantly less total solids than the other plants, roughly one-half that of the PC plant and one-third that of the FBC plant. Selection of lower coal sulfur content for this analysis will provide a more favorable comparison for the PC and FBC plants relative to the IGCC plant.
Table 5. Solid Waste and Byproduct Comparison for 300 MWe Plants—IGCC vs. PC and FBC Plants
PLANT DATA | PC PLANT WITH ADVANCED WET FGD | FBC PLANT | IGCC PLANT |
PLANT OPERATING DATA | |||
Plant Size, MWe | 300 | 300 | 300 |
Annual Capacity Factor, % | 65 | 65 | 65 |
Heat Rate, Btu/kWh | 9,750 | 9,400 | 9,000 |
Carbon Conversion, % | 99 | 98 | 99 |
Feed Fuel, tons/day | 3,480 | 3,360 | 3,216 |
Feed Limestone, tons/day | 466 | 1,104 | - |
FUEL PROPERTIES | |||
HHV, Btu/lb | 10,100 | 10,100 | 10,100 |
Sulfur, Weight % | 4 | 4 | 4 |
Ash, Weight % | 16 | 16 | 16 |
Carbon, weight % | 57.6 | 57.6 | 57.6 |
SULFUR REMOVAL | |||
Removal Efficiency, % | 95 | 95 | 98 |
Sorbent | Limestone | Limestone | MDEA |
Limestone Purity, % | 95 | 95 | - |
Ca/S Molar Ratio | 1.02 | 2.5 | - |
Water on Dry Waste, % | 25 | 25 | 25 |
SOLIDS GENERATED, tons/day | |||
Ash (Dry) | 557 | 538 | 0 |
Slag (Dry) | 0 | 0 | 515 |
Carbon in Ash (Dry) | 20 | 19 | 19 |
Elemental Sulfur | 0 | 0 | 126 |
CaSO4 (Anhydrite) | 562 | 542 | 0 |
Water in CaSO4•2H20 | 149 | 144 | 0 |
CaO (Dry) | 10 | 363 | 0 |
Water in Ca(OH)2 | 3 | 117 | 0 |
Inerts from Limestone | 23 | 55 | 0 |
TOTALS | |||
TOTAL BY-PRODUCTS, tons/day |
747 | 0 | 126 |
TOTAL SOLID WASTE, tons/day (Dry) |
577 | 1,778 | 534 |
TOTAL SOLIDS GENERATED, tons/day |
1,324 | 1,778 | 660 |
TOTAL SOLIDS GENERATED, lb/MWh | 367 | 494 | 183 |
TOTAL SOLID WASTE GENERATED, lb/MWh | 172 | 494 | 148 |
Solid Waste/Byproducts of Gasification