Table 5 compares the quantity of solid waste and byproducts produced by integrated gasification combined cycle (IGCC), fluidized bed combustion (FBC), and pulverized coal (PC) plants. The basis for this comparison is a 300 MWe size plant using an Illinois bituminous coal with 4% sulfur content. The IGCC plant is shown to generate significantly less total solids than the other plants, roughly one-half that of the PC plant and one-third that of the FBC plant. Selection of lower coal sulfur content for this analysis will provide a more favorable comparison for the PC and FBC plants relative to the IGCC plant.
Table 5. Solid Waste and Byproduct Comparison for 300 MWe Plants—IGCC vs. PC and FBC Plants
| PLANT DATA | PC PLANT WITH ADVANCED WET FGD | FBC PLANT | IGCC PLANT |
| PLANT OPERATING DATA | |||
| Plant Size, MWe | 300 | 300 | 300 |
| Annual Capacity Factor, % | 65 | 65 | 65 |
| Heat Rate, Btu/kWh | 9,750 | 9,400 | 9,000 |
| Carbon Conversion, % | 99 | 98 | 99 |
| Feed Fuel, tons/day | 3,480 | 3,360 | 3,216 |
| Feed Limestone, tons/day | 466 | 1,104 | - |
| FUEL PROPERTIES | |||
| HHV, Btu/lb | 10,100 | 10,100 | 10,100 |
| Sulfur, Weight % | 4 | 4 | 4 |
| Ash, Weight % | 16 | 16 | 16 |
| Carbon, weight % | 57.6 | 57.6 | 57.6 |
| SULFUR REMOVAL | |||
| Removal Efficiency, % | 95 | 95 | 98 |
| Sorbent | Limestone | Limestone | MDEA |
| Limestone Purity, % | 95 | 95 | - |
| Ca/S Molar Ratio | 1.02 | 2.5 | - |
| Water on Dry Waste, % | 25 | 25 | 25 |
| SOLIDS GENERATED, tons/day | |||
| Ash (Dry) | 557 | 538 | 0 |
| Slag (Dry) | 0 | 0 | 515 |
| Carbon in Ash (Dry) | 20 | 19 | 19 |
| Elemental Sulfur | 0 | 0 | 126 |
| CaSO4 (Anhydrite) | 562 | 542 | 0 |
| Water in CaSO4•2H20 | 149 | 144 | 0 |
| CaO (Dry) | 10 | 363 | 0 |
| Water in Ca(OH)2 | 3 | 117 | 0 |
| Inerts from Limestone | 23 | 55 | 0 |
| TOTALS | |||
| TOTAL BY-PRODUCTS, tons/day |
747 | 0 | 126 |
| TOTAL SOLID WASTE, tons/day (Dry) |
577 | 1,778 | 534 |
| TOTAL SOLIDS GENERATED, tons/day |
1,324 | 1,778 | 660 |
| TOTAL SOLIDS GENERATED, lb/MWh | 367 | 494 | 183 |
| TOTAL SOLID WASTE GENERATED, lb/MWh | 172 | 494 | 148 |
Solid Waste/Byproducts of Gasification
