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The primary objective of this project was to improve the understanding of CO2 trapping mechanisms affected by formation heterogeneity. The basic processes of CO2 trapping are not easily understood through field testing, so a set of multi-scale laboratory tests were conducted to further analyze CO2 trapping mechanisms. The focus of the research was to analyze capillary and dissolution trapping mechanisms since they are considered to be the most relevant processes facilitating permanent CO2 storage in the absence of geologic structural traps. The ultimate goal was to contribute towards improving numerical modeling tools for designing stable CO2 storage operations with optimized storage efficiency and minimized leakage risks.
This project focuses on the development, validation and improvement of geological storage models. Improved monitoring contributes to improved storage techniques thus reducing CO2 emissions to the atmosphere. Specifically, this project achieves its target of supporting industries’ ability to predict geologic storage capacity to within +/- 30 percent and to ensure storage permanence by using data generated in intermediate-scale laboratory test systems to simulate capillary and dissolution trapping under various heterogeneous conditions.